Trichinelosis in Animals
Abstract
Trichinellosis (also trichinosis) in animals is caused by nematodes (roundworms) of the family Trichinellidae Ward, 1970. Family characteristics. Parasites with small bud right body. They have not sexual pterygas. The anus is opened at the terminal part of the body. The cloaks are opened at the ¼ frontal part of the body. The adult females are larva-productive. They are parasites of the intestinal system. Trichinella spiralis (Trichina spiral) Owen, 1833. Eight species of Trichinella are now recognized, based on host (Kapel, C M O 2000; Krivokapich, S J; Pozio E and D S Zarlenga, 2005; Pozio E et al, 1992), but the most important for animals domestic are: T. spiralis found as parasitic diseases in humans, pigs, rodents, and many carnivorous animals, of Europe, Asia, North America, with specific pathologies in pigs. T. native parasite of wild carnivorous of Euro – Asiatic areas northern of parallel 40°. It is specific diseases of carnivorous and omnivorous animals. T.nelsoni found as a parasite of wilds carnivorous animals of Asiatic areas southern of parallel 40°. T. pseudospiralis is parasite of cats, rodents, and pigs. It is recognized from other species because of the adult forms have smaller dimensions and forms noncapsulated cists. T. spiralis is the cause of Trichinellosis, one of most important zoonosis all over the world. It is found worldwide in many carnivorous and omnivorous animals, insectivorous animals, rodents, wilds animals and humans (Pozio E and G Marucci 2003). It was found at 103 mammals. Occasionally may be found as a parasite of horses. Developmental traits of T. spiralis is that infested hosts initially are final hosts because of they host adults forms at their intestine, but later on, they are presented as an intermediate host, because of they host larval forms at their muscles. Today’s identification of samples to the species level and genotyping are based primarily upon molecular means (Pozio, E., and G. Marucci. 2003).
Keywords: trichinosis, Trichinella larvae, tropism, trichinelloscopic examination, trypsine techniques, xenodiagnostic experiments, etc.
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