FEMALE SELF-DIRECTED OPPRESSION IN MARIA IRENE FORNES THREE PLAYS FEFU AND HER FRIENDS, SARITA AND THE MUD: A POST-FEMINIST READING
Abstract
The study reveals women self-directed oppression in Maria Irenes’ plays Fefu and her friends, The Conduct of Life, The mud and Sarita. The purpose of this paper is to describe female characters with their self-suffering and aggression to each other. As an American playwright and dramatist, on one hand, Maria analyses feminist characters with their traditional images are portrayed as domestic characters and badly abused under male-dominated society. On the other hand, she produces another perspective or different images of women’s oppression which is internalized oppression which is explored among women. By female internalized oppression, the researcher means the major source of female oppression is other women. Women receives oppression and violence with a negative reaction and when they are going to defend their self-hood, the act becomes harsher on their characters.
Keywords: women oppression, internalized oppression, Maria Irene Fornes, Fefu and her friends, The conduct of life, Sarita and The mud.
References
Kollmeier, Florian. Female Oppression in “The Bell Jar” and “A Thousand Splendid Suns”. Beltz Verlag, 2013.
Al-Badarneh, Abdullah. Female Oppression and Aspiration in a Capitalistic Patriarchal Context. Van Haren Publishing, 2012. https://doi.org/10.31031/prm.2018.01.000516 KRULEWITZ, J. E. (1980). Women and Crime: Female Oppression. Contemporary Psychology: A Journal of Reviews, 25(2), 174–175. https://doi.org/10.1037/018551
Greer, Germaine. The Female Eunuch. Fourth Estate, 2020. Rivers, Nicola Charlotte. Representations of Feminism. Amsterdam University Press, 2010.
Lilburn, Sandra, e.a. Celebrity Feminism as Synthesis. Carfax, 2000.
Marsh, Peter. The Supremacist Syndrome: How Domination Underpins Slavery, Genocide, the Exploitation of Women, and the Maltreatment of Animals.
Lantern Publishing en Media, 2021. Barrett, Michèle. Women’s Oppression Today. 1ste ed., Adfo Books, 2014.
Barrett, Michele. Women’s Oppression Today: Problems in Marxist Feminist Analysis. London: Verso editions and NLB, 1980, 1980.
Baron-Cohen, Simon. The Essential Difference: Men, Women and the Extreme Male Brain. Penguin, 2012. Ramazanoglu, Caroline en C. Ramazanoglu.
Feminism and the Contradictions of Oppression. Taylor en Francis, 2017. Markell, Patchen. Bound by Recognition. Princeton University Press, 2009.
Samuel, C. (2013). Symbolic Violence and Collective Identity: Pierre Bourdieu and the Ethics of Resistance. Social Movement Studies, 12(4), 397–413.
https://doi.org/10.1080/14742837.2013.823345
Bourdieu, P. (1989). Social Space and Symbolic Power. Sociological Theory, 7(1), 14. https://doi.org/10.2307/202060 Corsaro, W. A. (1992).
Language and Symbolic Power. By Pierre Bourdieu. Harvard University Press, 1991. 302 pp. Social Forces, 71(1), 242–244. https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/71.1.242
Herath, H. M. B. (2020). A Cultural Feminism Analysis of Modern Sinhala Poetry of Female Poets Revealed on the Female Cultural Oppression: Resourcing from Poetry of Anuradha Nilmini, Suharshani Dharmarathna and Vipuli Hettiarachchi.
Vidyodaya Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 05(01), 47–56.
https://doi.org/10.31357/fhss/vjhss.v05i01.05
“‘A Review and Meta-Analysis of Age-Based Stereotype Threat: Negative Stereotypes, Not Facts, Do the Damage’: Correction to Lamont, Swift, and Abrams (2015).” Psychology and Aging, vol. 33, no. 5, 2018, p. vi. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000269.
Galinsky, Adam D., et al. “Taking Stereotypes out of Stereotype Threat: The Effect of Role-Based Expectations.” SSRN Electronic Journal, 2003.
Crossref, https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.399620. Smith, G.P.A. & University of Alabama. Department of Psychology. (2015).
The Impact of Stereotype Threat in Two Educational Environments. Amsterdam University Press.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Declaration/Copyright transfer:
1. In consideration of the undertaking set out in paragraph 2, and upon acceptance by ANGLISTICUM for publication of the manuscript in the Journal, I/We hereby assign and transfer publication rights to ANGLISTICUM, whereas I/We retain the copyright for the manuscript. This assignment provides ANGLISTICUM the sole right and responsibility to publish the manuscript in its printed and online version, and/or in other media formats.
2. In consideration of this assignment, ANGLISTICUM hereby undertakes to prepare and publish the manuscript in the Journal, subject only to its right to refuse publication if there is a breach of the Author’s warranty in paragraph 4 or if there are other reasonable grounds.
3. Editors and the editorial board of ANGLISTICUM are empowered to make such editorial changes as may be necessary to make the Manuscript suitable for publication.
4. I/We hereby acknowledge that: (a) The manuscript submitted is an original work and that I/We participated in the work substantively and thus I/We hereby are prepared to take public responsibility for the work; (b) I/We hereby have seen and approved the manuscript as submitted and that the manuscript has not either been published, submitted or considered for publication elsewhere; (c) The text, illustration, and any other materials included in the manuscript do not infringe upon any existing copyright or other rights of anyone.
5. I/We hereby indemnify ANGLISTICUM and the respective Editors of the Journal as mentioned in paragraph 3, and hold them harmless from any loss, expense or damage occasioned by a claim or suit by a third party for copyright infringement, or any suit arising out of any breach of the foregoing warranties as a result of publication of the manuscript.
